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81.
Carly Green Brian Tobin Michael O’Shea Edward P. Farrell Kenneth A. Byrne 《European Journal of Forest Research》2007,126(2):179-188
Reporting carbon (C) stocks in tree biomass (above- and belowground) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) should be transparent and verifiable. The development of nationally specific data is considered ‘good practice’
to assist in meeting these reporting requirements. From this study, biomass functions were developed for estimating above-
and belowground C stock in a 19-year-old stand of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong) Carr.). Our estimates were then tested against current default values used for reporting in Ireland and literature
equations. Ten trees were destructively sampled to develop aboveground and tree component biomass equations. The roots were
excavated and a root:shoot (R) ratio developed to estimate belowground biomass. Application of the total aboveground biomass function yielded a C stock
estimate for the stand of 74 tonnes C ha−1, with an uncertainty of 7%. The R ratio was determined to be 0.23, with an uncertainty of 10%. The C stock estimate of the belowground biomass component was
then calculated to be 17 tonnes C ha−1, with an uncertainty of 12%. The equivalent C stock estimate from the biomass expansion factor (BEF) method, applying Ireland’s
currently reported default values for BEF (inclusive of belowground biomass), wood density and C concentration and methods
for estimating volume, was found to be 60 tonnes C ha−1, with an uncertainty of 26%. We found that volume tables, currently used for determining merchantable timber volume in Irish
forestry conditions, underestimated volume since they did not extend to the yield of the forest under investigation. Mean
stock values for belowground biomass compared well with that generated using published models. 相似文献
82.
Ian Jeffreys 《Small-Scale Forestry》2004,3(1):99-117
Small-scale farm forestry has the potential to offer many benefits both to landholders and the wider community. As with all
changes in land-use practices, there are associated benefits and costs and these are not uniformly distributed. They have
varying impacts on the different values, aspirations, goals and objectives that exist within the community. Furthermore, the
community does not consider these values, aspirations, goals and objectives of equal importance. The degree of concern can
vary from minor to high and overriding all other considerations. When evaluating farm forestry options it is necessary to
address all of these concerns. This paper examines the combined use compensatory and non-compensatory multi-criteria analyses
to evaluate forestry options, in a case study for the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. These aggregation techniques
are found to be highly complementary and together provide a comprehensive analysis. The compensatory technique provides a
sound measure of overall performance of a forestry system, whereas the non-compensatory technique alerts decision-makers to
presence of particularly poor performance with respect to individual criteria. The compensatory technique used is simple and
understandable even for those with non-mathematical backgrounds. This analysis can identify and aid communication of the relative
benefits and costs, and trade-offs, between economic, environmental and social considerations. 相似文献
83.
In order to meet the demands of modern, information-based society, higher education in natural resource management needs to be transformed. Enhanced mobility of students and staff, multi- and transdisciplinary approaches, as well as innovative educational approaches are called for. Moreover, the urban component needs to be better incorporated, as exemplified by the emerging field of urban forestry. This paper relates to the developments in higher education within the context of education on urban forests and urban trees in Europe. Presented here are the main findings of a comparative European study led by the Danish Forest and Landscape Research Institute within the framework of the EU-funded COST Action E12 'Urban Forests and Trees'. In order to obtain an overview of the status of higher education on urban forestry in Europe, 180 educational institutions in 28 countries were sent a questionnaire. Results show that urban forestry is an expanding element of European education, as urban elements are becom 相似文献
84.
KU Daping Bernie DELL. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry CAF Guangzhou China . Murdoch University. Perth. Australia 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2002,(1)
Eucalypts are very popular for revegetation in many parts of south China because of their capacity to tolerate degraded sites and unfertile soils,and their fast growth potential to coppice. This paper reviews a decade of field trials in china, undertaken as part of several bilateral researchprograms in plantation forestry, concerning the use of fertilizers, harvest residue management and inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungi. One of the key questions addressed is whether the productivity of plantation eucalypts in south China can be increased to the world average by nutrient management across a rotation. 相似文献
85.
To derive optimal benefits from intercropping timber, farmers should make important initial decisions on tree species and
planting density with a good understanding of their tradeoffs. Complex and data-intensive models used by researchers should
be supplemented with simpler models based on easily measured parameters and easily understood competition functions. In experiments
in the Philippine uplands, growth parameters of three popular farm-forestry species (Eucalyptus deglupta, E. torelliana, and Paraserianthes falcataria) were measured, along with intercropped and non-intercropped yields of maize and vegetables. The commonly used forestry parameter
of stand basal area had a significant negative correlation with intercrop yields (as a percentage of non-intercropped yields).
The slope of the regression line differed between species; in this study, percent yield loss per unit stem basal area growth
was in the order E. deglupta > E. torelliana > P. falcataria. The relationship between stand basal area and intercrop-yield decline was tested on an independent data set from China.
Intercrop yields had significant negative correlations with stand basal area of Paulownia elongata. We propose that adaptive tree-screening trials evaluate competitiveness in addition to evaluating growth and mortality.
Stand basal area may be better suited to this task than more mechanistic indices such as leaf-area index as it is easy to
measure, calculate, and understand, and it may serve as a better index of total (aboveground + belowground) competition. Basal
area is also directly related to tree volume, and allows farmers to more easily evaluate the economic tradeoffs between tree
growth and intercrop-yield declines.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
86.
87.
"三北"平原林业生态工程建设中存在的问题及对策分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文论述了人类对林业在整个国民经济中的地位和作用的认识。对“三北”平原地区林业生态工程体系建设的理论基础、林业生态工程体系建设的目标任务、林业生态工程体系建设中存在的问题和对策进行了分析。对林业生态工程体系建设提出切实可行的建议。 相似文献
88.
国内外林业装备主要技术水平和发展趋势 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
论述了国内外林业装备技术的现状,分析了国内林业装备技术的发展趋势,阐述了林业装备在我国林业建设特别是六大林业重点工程中所起的重要作用。 相似文献
89.
浅谈非公有制林业的发展障碍与对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阐述了非公有制林业的内涵和外延,以及法律地位。通过对四川省非公有制林业发展现状、发展障碍的分析,提出加快发展非公有制林业的建议与对策。 相似文献
90.
金沙江干热河谷生态问题与退耕还林技术模式的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对金沙江干热河谷生态环境和经营条件分析,提出适合金沙江流域不同海拔和立地条件的退耕还林的技术模式,论述了经济林模式、生态林模式、用材林模式和林草混交立体模式的适用立地条件、造林树种、经营技术及经济效益。 相似文献